history | not an easy book |
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The brise-soleils in the Unite d'Habitation in Marseilles are structure and porches as well as sunscreens. (Are they wall segments, piers, or columns?)
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Kahn's clusters of columns and his open piers "harbor" space for equipment, and can manipulate natural light as well, like the rhythmically complex columns and pilasters of Baroque architecture. Like the open beams in the Richards Medical Center, these elements are neither structurally pure nor elegantly minimum in section. Instead, they are structural fragments inseparable from a greater spatial whole. It is valid to sense stresses in forms which are not purely structural, and a structural member can be more than incidentally spatial.
(However, the columns and the stair towers in this building are separated and articulated in an orthodox manner.)
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In some Mannerist and Baroque masonry construction the pier, pilaster, and relieving arch about evenly make up a facade, and the resultant structure, like that of the Palazzo Valmarana, is bearing wall and frame at once.
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